Methamphetamine is structurally similar to the neurotransmitter dopamine. After the initial rush, there is typically a state of high agitation that in some individuals may lead to violent behavior. It starts working quickly, and its effects can last six to eight hours. Methamphetamine causes increased activity, decreased appetite, and a general sense of well-being. Methamphetamine was developed early in the 20th century from its parent drug, amphetamine, and was used originally in nasal decongestants and bronchial inhalers. The drug is typically made in clandestine laboratories with relatively inexpensive over-the-counter ingredients. Abuse of methamphetamine can cause long-lasting brain damage along with other problems. Of the amphetamines, methamphetamine likely has the largest potential for abuse. When used for medical purposes, the doses are much lower than those typical among abusers of the drugs. Many amphetamines are Schedule II stimulants, which means they have a high potential for abuse and are legally available only through a prescription. They may be prescribed legally for the treatment of ADHD, narcolepsy, or other conditions they are also used illegally to improve performance, lose weight, or to generate a “high.” Generally, these drugs generate emotional, cognitive, and physical effects, such as increased energy and focus and decreased appetite. Amphetamines are a class of central nervous system stimulants with a similar chemical structure, including amphetamine, methamphetamine, dextroamphetamine, ephedrine, and others.
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